IPC Section 159

When two or more persons, by fighting in a public place, disturb the public peace, they are said to “commit an affray”.

Such Magistrate, on receiving such report, may direct an investigation, or, if he thinks fit, at once proceed, or depute any Magistrate subordinate to him to proceed, to hold a preliminary inquiry into, or otherwise to dispose of, the case in the manner provided in this Code.

A witness may, while under examination, refresh his memory by referring to any writing made by himself at the time of the transaction concerning which he is questioned, or so soon afterwards that the Court considers it likely that the transaction was at that time fresh in his memory.
The witness may also refer to any such writing made by any other person, and read by the witness within the time aforesaid, if when he read it he knew it to be correct.
When witness may use copy of document to refresh memory— Whenever a witness may refresh his memory by reference to any document, he may, with the permission of the Court, refer to a copy of such document;
Provided the Court be satisfied that there is sufficient reason for the non-production of the original.
An expert may refresh his memory by reference to professional treatises.

A State Government may make rules requiring the owner of any motor vehicle when applying whether by payment of a tax or otherwise for authority to use the vehicle in a public place to produce such evidence as may be prescribed by those rules to the effect that either—

1. on the date when the authority to use the vehicle comes into operation there will be in force the necessary policy of insurance in relation to the use of the vehicle by the applicant or by other persons on his order or with his permission, or
2. the vehicle is a vehicle to which section 146 does not apply.

Whoever abets the committing of mutiny by an officer, soldier, sailor or airman, in the Army, Navy or Air Force subject to the Acts referred to in section 165 of the Government of India or attempts to seduce any such officer, soldier, sailor or airman from his allegiance or his duty, shall be punished with imprisonment for life, or with imprisonment of either description for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall also be liable to fine.

BNSS Classification

• Imprisonment for life, or imprisonment for 10 years and fine.
• Cognizable
• Non-bailable
• Triable by Court of Session.